Examination of the Larynx and Pharynx (NEJM)

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Visualization of the larynx and pharynx is an essential part of a complete head and neck examination. Although the location of these structures often precludes direct visualization, simple techniques can be used to evaluate these anatomic structures in the clinical setting. Indirect laryngoscopy can be performed with either a simple dental mirror or with a flexible fiberoptic endoscope. These procedures can be performed on patients who are awake and cooperative, and are usually well tolerated. Patients with symptoms such as chronic cough, dysphonia, chronic throat pain, dysphagia, voice changes, and symptoms of aspiration should all undergo careful laryngoscopy. Patients who are at high risk . . . . Chapters: Overview Indications Equipment Mirror Laryngoscopy Flexible Nasolaryngoscopy Limitations Aftercare Tips & Troubleshooting Summary

The Physical Exam (A Collection)

Percussion of the spleen? If you need to brush up your physical exam skills, the websites below can be very useful.... (read more)

Pelvic Exams (NEJM)

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This video will demonstrate how to perform a comprehensive pelvic examination, which includes an examination of the external genitalia, a Papanicolaou test, a bimanual examination, as well as a rectovaginal examination. Indications Women should undergo a pelvic examination when they have vulvar and or vaginal complaints such as pain, discharge, abnormal bleeding, itching, and/or a mass. A pelvic examination is also indicated when pregnancy is suspected or proven, and in women who have been exposed to sexually transmitted infections. Pap testing is the main screening tool for detecting precancerous lesions of the cervix, we will now highlight the American Cancer Society . . . . Overview Indications Preparation Procedure Troubleshooting Contraindications