Examination of the Larynx and Pharynx (NEJM)

Figure 1
View Video
 Visualization of the larynx and pharynx is an essential part of a complete head and neck examination. Although the location of these structures often precludes direct visualization, simple techniques can be used to evaluate these anatomic structures in the clinical setting. Indirect laryngoscopy can be performed with either a simple dental mirror or with a flexible fiberoptic endoscope. These procedures can be performed on patients who are awake and cooperative, and are usually well tolerated. Patients with symptoms such as chronic cough, dysphonia, chronic throat pain, dysphagia, voice changes, and symptoms of aspiration should all undergo careful laryngoscopy. Patients who are at high risk . . . .

Chapters:

  • Overview
  • Indications
  • Equipment
  • Mirror Laryngoscopy
  • Flexible Nasolaryngoscopy
  • Limitations
  • Aftercare
  • Tips & Troubleshooting
  • Summary

Positive Pressure Bag Valve Mask (NEJM)

Figure 1
View Video
 Providing positive-pressure ventilation with a face mask and a bag-valve device can be a lifesaving maneuver. Although seemingly simple, the technique requires an understanding of the airway anatomy, the equipment, and the indications. Developing manual skills is necessary to provide adequate face-mask ventilation. While endotracheal intubation is frequently the definitive airway management approach for patients in respiratory failure, it is not always feasible. In these circumstances, ventilating a patient with a face mask can be an invaluable temporizing measure. The purpose of this video is to demonstrate the equipment and technique used to provide positive-pressure . . . .

Chapters:

  • Introduction
  • Overview
  • Indications
  • Contraindications
  • Equipment
  • Procedure
  • Complications
  • Summary

Male & Female Catheterization (NEJM)

Figure 1
View Video
 Male urethral catheterization may be performed as either a therapeutic or a diagnostic procedure. Therapeutically, catheters may be placed to decompress the bladder in patients with acute or chronic urinary retention. In addition, catheters may be placed to facilitate bladder irrigation in patients with gross hematuria. Diagnostically, urinary catheters may be placed to obtain an uncontaminated urine sample for microbiologic testing, to measure urinary output in critically ill patients or during surgical procedures, or to measure post-void residuals. The only absolute contraindication to urethral catheterization is known or suspected urethral injury, usually in the setting of a pelvic fracture. Trauma patients . . . . View Video

Chapters:

  • Introduction
  • Indications
  • Contraindications
  • Equipment
  • Anatomy
  • Preparation
  • Catheterization
  • Troubleshooting
  • Complications

Figure 1
View Video
 Female urethral catheterization, the insertion of a catheter through the urethra into the urinary bladder to permit drainage of urine, is a fundamental skill for the practicing health care professional. This video discusses the indications for catheterization, the equipment available, the current methods of catheter insertion and maintenance, potential complications, and how to troubleshoot common problems. Indications Female urethral catheterization is indicated for both therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. Urinary catheterization is therapeutic in several circumstances. It permits effective bladder drainage in patients with acute or chronic urinary retention. A urinary catheter may be used to instill medication for local . . . .

Chapters:

  • Introduction
  • Indications
  • Contraindications
  • Equipment
  • Preparation
  • Anatomy
  • Procedure
  • Complications
  • Summary

Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)